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Kerajaan perlu pertimbangkan kadar antara tiga hingga empat peratus jika bercadang memperkenalkan semula Cukai Barang dan Perkhidmatan(GST) bagi menggantikan Cukai Jualan dan Perkhidmatan (SST) dalam pembentangan Bajet 2023 di Parlimen 7 Oktober depan.

Setiausaha Agung Persatuan Akauntan Percukaian Malaysia (MATA), Dr Mohd Fairuz A Razak berkata, pengenalan semula GST pada kadar berkenaan juga dijangka tidak

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A tax roadmap will aid private sector to make informed investment decisions

New taxes’ introduction will encourage economic activity of the private sector

– by NUR HANANI AZMAN / Pic by TMR FILE PIX

 

THE government should introduce a “tax roadmap” framework that includes potential taxes, consultation timeline, as well as the rationale for the introduction to aid investors to make informed investment decisions, Ernst & Young Tax Consultants Sdn Bhd Malaysia tax markets leader Farah Rosley said.

Farah says the introduction of any windfall tax should be done with appropriate rationale and for a limited period, and should not discourage re-investment by businesses

In the year 2020, despite the impact of pandemic and lower estimated average crude oil price of US$40 (RM166.80) per barrel, tax collections continue to be the major contributor to the federal government’s revenue with an approximate collection of RM153.3 billion or 67.4% of total revenue.

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Direct tax, which accounts for 50.6% of total revenue, is expected to decrease by 14.6% to RM115.1 billion (2019: RM134.7 billion).

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Collections from all direct tax components are projected to decline primarily due to weak economic activities which affected businesses and individuals’ incomes.

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The estimated tax revenue collection target for 2021 is RM162.1 billion, made up of direct taxes of RM120 billion and indirect taxes of RM42.1 billion.

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According to Farah, introducing a windfall tax which is a special tax that the government imposes on companies making a large, unexpected profit during a specific period or due to economic conditions will need to be considered carefully.

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She believed that any windfall tax should only be introduced with appropriate rationale and for a limited period, and should not discourage re-investment by businesses — reinvestment will lead to growth, which in turn will lead to higher future tax collections.

 

“The intended utilisation of the tax should also be transparent, as taxpayers would want to know that the taxes are being utilise for a good cause. For example, the taxes should be used for economic and social purposes and channelled towards education, health, infrastructure and other development needs.

“The government could also introduce carbon taxes to minimise negative environmental impact, which will send a clear message that there is a price to be paid for pollution. Pollution results in costs to the country, including rehabilitation costs, possible healthcare concerns, social or lifestyle costs and business disruptions, for example, due to water pollution and the resulting disruption of water supply,”

she added.

 

Meanwhile, KPMG Tax Services Sdn Bhd corporate tax ED Lim Wai Yin foresees that an introduction of a windfall tax may be more likely as compared to capital gains tax (CGT) as the latter may trigger negative reaction from investors and further dampen the equity market.

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She said CGT could also trigger an outflow of foreign funds, which would counteract the measures implemented by the government in last year’s budget to increase foreign direct investments (FDI) through the granting of incentives to encourage foreign investments into Malaysia.

 

“Windfall tax, on the other hand, is a one-off tax which could provide immediate relief to the government but has a lesser adverse impact on the broader economy as it is more narrow and sector specific.

There are, however, merits to the introduction of a broader base CGT in the longer term, as Malaysia’s existing CGT regime is limited to real property gains tax (RPGT) which was introduced back in 1976,”

she told TMR.

 

Currently, the RPGT provision and mechanics on the disposal of shares in real property companies are complex and often difficult to administer in practice. A more progressive CGT on disposal of shares with simpler mechanics and clear provisions would be welcomed.

 

“However, there would be the question of the treatment of losses from the disposal of shares and how this should be treated if the intention is to tax the gains. Certain CGT exemptions may also need to be considered for retail investors and individuals who are in the lower income group,”

she added.

 

She opined that it is not the right time to re-introduce Goods and Services Tax (GST), as the Covid-19 pandemic has already caused major disruptions to the economy and businesses.

 

“The reintroduction of GST would require businesses to incur additional cost to be GST compliant and could result in price increases in the short term. As it will take time for the economy to recover and return to pre-pandemic growth rates, a reintroduction of such a broad-base consumption tax should be deferred.

The government may, nevertheless, consider to provide clarity on the specific timeframe as to when GST 2.0 will be reintroduced, and take this time to have consultation with stakeholders on the mechanics and rate of GST to be implemented, so that the lessons learnt from the previous GST regime and issues can be addressed,”

she added.

 

Malaysian Association of Tax Accountants deputy secretary general Dr Mohd Fairuz A Razak said any new taxes would be very tough for implementation at the moment — windfall tax and CGT tax would deter FDI further.

 

“We need FDI to drive our economy further and the business could survive and prosper. The best possible route will reintroduce GST or value-added tax (VAT) at a lower rate with a reduction of personal tax or giving more relief.

With the reintroduction of GST or VAT, the government will earn good revenue and plug all the leakage or shadow economy. All the businesses would have good compliance to the tax as it is using a computerised system, not manually. We will also have data on the company and individuals to help them in future,”

he told TMR.

 

He said GST or VAT is the most efficient tax system for government revenue, especially to plug the leakage and identify the shadow economy in the design and collection.

 

“Currently, our direct tax is not collecting as it used to be because of the pandemics, and business is slowing down or closing down permanently. The reintroduction of GST or VAT compliance on the tax and the collection of it would benefit the country in the long run.

“To reintroduce at a lower rate would be welcome, but all the mechanisms and enforcement should be beefed up so that no one else can take advantage of the reintroduction,”

he reckoned.

SYOR CUKAI
LEBIH ADIL

Ikuti laporan wartawan Sinar Harian

MOHD FAIZUL HAIKA MAT KHAZI, NURUL RIDUAN
NOR ASHAHA dan NUR IFTITAH ROZLAN

  • Pakar ekonomi berpendapat kadar antara tiga hingga empat peratus adalah paling sesuai jika kerajaan bercadang memperkenalkan semula cukai barang dan perkhidmatan (GST) bagi menggantikan cukai jualan dan perkhidmatan (SST) dalam Bajet 2023 yang bakal dibentangkan 7 Oktober depan.

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  • Walaupun GST dianggap sebagai cukai paling efektif dan adil, kerajaan diminta mengambil kira kesediaan rakyat yang bimbang GST akan menaikkan lagi harga barang sekali gus menyebabkan hidup semakin terbeban.

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  • Kerajaan disaran memansuhkan cukai jalan kenderaan yang sebelum ini meyumbang RM3 bilion setahun kepada pendapatan kerajaan memandangkan pelaksanaan GST pada kadar empat peratus dijangka membolehkan negara mengutip hasil sebanyak RM25 bilion pada tahun hadapan.

Kadar 3 atau 4 peratus paling sesuai

MOHD FAIRUZ

Kerajaan perlu pertimbangkan kadar antara tiga hingga empat peratus jika bercadang memperkenalkan semula Cukai Barang dan Perkhidmatan(GST) bagi menggantikan Cukai Jualan dan Perkhidmatan (SST) dalam pembentangan Bajet 2023 di Parlimen 7 Oktober depan.

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Setiausaha Agung Persatuan Akauntan Percukaian Malaysia (MATA), Dr Mohd Fairuz A Razak berkata, pengenalan semula GST pada kadar berkenaan juga dijangka tidak memberi kesan besar kepada rakyat.

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Beliau berkata, Sistem GST adalah lebih adil dalam kutipan cukai, terutamanya keatas industri tidak formal dan boleh menjadi pendekatan terbaik untuk mengesan pihak yang cuba lari daripada pelaporan serta bayaran cukai berbanding SST.

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Bagaimanapun, Mohd Fairuz berkata, biarpun sistem percukaian GST dikatakan jauh lebih baik, kerajaan sekarang dijangka tidak akan mengambil langkah drastik dengan menghidupkan semula sistem percukaian yang menjadi punca kemarahan rakyat yang membawa kepada kejatuhan BN pada Pilihan Raya Umum ke-14 (PRU14) pada 2018 apatah lagi PRU15 semakin hampir.

 

“Proses pengenalan semula GST juga mungkin akan mengambil masa yang panjang kerana Akta GST yang lama telah dimansuhkan, bukan digantung pelaksanaannya.

Tambahan pula, kebiasaannya proses penggubalan hingga pembentangan dan kelulusan sesuatu akta di Parlimen, sebelum diwartakan selepas mendapat perkenan Yang di-Pertuan Agong juga mengambil masa masa agak lama,”

katanya kepada Sinar Premium.

 

GST merupakan cukai penggunaan dan dikenakan terhadap hampir kesemua transaksi dalam proses pengeluaran – terpakai keatas kira-kira 60 peratus barangan dan perkhidmatan di bawah Indeks Harga Pengguna berbanding hanya 38 peratus di bawah SST.

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Bagaimanapun, GST dimansuhkan oleh kerajaan pada Jun 2018 dan digantikan SST bagi memenuhi janji manifesto PH serta masih berkuat kuasa sehingga kini biarpun PH tumbang pada Mac 2020.

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GST yang diperkenalkan pada 2015 berjaya menjana RM44 bilion pada 2017. SST pula hanya mampu menjana hasil cukai sekitar RM26.7 bilion pada 2020 dan RM27.9 bilion pada 2021.

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Mohd Fairuz menambah, dengan pengenalan semula GST ini, negara dijangkakan menjana hasil sekitar RM25 bilion pada tahun pertama dan akan meningkat dari tahun ke tahun.

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Tambahnya, pelaksanaan semula GST itu juga menjadikan negara maju dan rakyat akan berada dalam sistem percukaian yang lebih adil, telus dan berkesan.

 

“Dalam pelaksanaanya GST sebelum ini, cukai korporat dan cukai individu beberapa kali dapat diturunkan ke paras lebih kompetitif dan progresif,”

katanya.

 

Jadi tidak hairanlah jika Mohd Fairuz merumuskan bahawa pelaksanaan sistem GST dikatakan lebih berkesan dan menyeluruh kerana setiap peringkat akan dipantau oleh Jabatan Kastam Diraja Malaysia dan disokong oleh Kementerian Perdagangan Dalam Negeri dan Hal Ehwal Pengguna.

Cukai jualan dan perkhidmatan yang
dilaksanakan sekarang dikatakan lebih muda
dimanipulasi sekali gus meningkatkan harga.

Bayaran balik.

Beliau berkata, ini kerana semua syarikat perlu mendaftarkan entiti perniagaan mereka bagi tujuan mentutut bayaran balik cukai GST yang dikenakan kerajaan.

 

“Cukai GST tidak dikenakan ke atas kos, tetapi nilai tambah kepada barangan tersebut. Cukai GST tidak akan dimansuhkan ke dalam harga atau kos keseluruhan berbanding cukai SST.

Barangan keperluan asas seperti makanan, ubatan, pendidikan dan lain – lain pula tidak akan dikenakan cukai atau sifar GST sekali gus meringankan beban golongan B40 dan M40,”

katanya.

 

Tidak keterlaluan ujarnya, dengan peratusan cukai GST yang rendah juga boleh menurunkan harga barangan.

 

“Sistem GST lebih telus sebab setiap pihak dalam rantaian bekalan hak tuntut balik cukai yang dibayar.

Dengan SST, mana – mana pihak(yang bukan pengilang) boleh naikkan harga sesuka hati, malah pengilang boleh berpakat dengan syarikat-syarikat lain untuk mengelak membayar cukai,”

katanya.

 

Cuma Mohd Fairuz berkata, pelaksanaan GST sebelum ini mempunyai kelemahan tersendiri termasuklah ramai peniaga atau syarikat terpaksa menunggu tempoh lama untuk mendapatkan semula tuntutan bayaran balik cukai terbabit.

 

“Peniaga kena tunggu berbulan-bulan untuk tuntutan GST dan tiada pemantauan terhadap peniaga yang sesuka hati menaikkan harga dengan alasan GST,”

katanya.

 

Dalam pada itu, Mohd Fairuz berkata, SST pula adalah sistem percukaian lama dan mempunyai banyak kelemahan antaranya mewujudkan kesan cukai berganda sekali gus menyebabkan peningkatan harga barang dan senang dimanipulasi peniaga untuk mengelak daripada membayar cukai kepada kerajaan.

“Cukai SST ini selalunya dimasukkan ke dalam kos barangan atau harga barangan tersebut telah ditingkatkan bersama dengan cukai SST tersebut.

Kos ini bertambah dan meningkat mengikut peringkat pembuatan sebelum sampai kepada pengguna dan kita telah bayar cukai keseluruhan 10 peratus atau 6 peratus untuk harga barangan tersebut.

Lebih banyak peringkat pemprosesan, lebih banyaklah cukai yang akan dimasukkan ke dalam harga barangan,”

jelasnya.

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PERSATUAN AKAUNTAN PERCUKAIAN MALAYSIA (M.A.T.A)
Block 1D, 27-1, Jalan Wangsa Delima 12,
Wangsa Link, Pusat Bandar Wangsa Maju
53300 Kuala Lumpur.


WAKTU OPERASI

Isnin hingga Jumaat
9.00 pagi – 5.00 petang

HUBUNGI KAMI

E-mel: mata@mata.org.my
Tel: 03-4149 9599 atau 5078
Faks:
03-4149 7577
HP:
016-240 9343